Skylight and ventilating construction for ships.



J. ORATES SKYLIGHT AND VENTILATING CONSTRUCTION FOR SHIPS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1909.

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J. GRATES. SKYLIGHT AND VENTILATING CONSTRUCTION FOR SHIPS.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV/8, 1909.

Patented May 10, 1910.

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SKYLIGHT AND VENTILATING CONSTRUCTION FOR SHIPS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1909,

Patented May 10, 1910.

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Wimnumnmw U) iiibewe Jayme; @"wea, [uremia/y JAMES CRATES, 0F LORAIN,OHIO.

SKYLIGHT AND VENTILATING- CONSTRUCTION FOR SI-II PS.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 8, 1909.

Patented Mayld, 1912. Serial No. 526,782.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES (learns, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lorain, in the county of Lorain and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Skylight and VentilatingConstruction for Ships, of which the follow- ,ing is a specification.

This invention relates to means for ventilating and lighting ships, andcomprises an improved skylight and ventilating construction, togetherwith means whereby the skylight may be bodily removed for the purpose offorming a hatch or the like, on occasion.

The construction herein described may be applied to the roof of theengine room, boiler room, coal bunker, dining room or elsewhere on theroof or upper deck of an ordinary steam vessel, and in the accompanyingdrawings several arrangements are illustrated applicable to variousplaces as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is a plan view of a constructionsuitable for the roof of the engine room. Fig. 2 is a side elevationthereof. Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is ahorizontal section on the line l4.- of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a plan view ofthe construction applied to the boiler room and around the smoke stack,for the purpose of lighting and ventilating the space below.

Referring specifically to the drawings, a roof opening is indicated at49, which forms the hatchway when the skylight is removed. This openingis surrounded by a coaming 16 which has openings 20 on all sides asshown. These openings may be opened or closed by means of slides 35,having openings 19 adapted to register with the openings 20, to formventilating outlets. The valves 35 slide in guides 34? and 34 and areoperated from within the room below by means of ropes 23 which pass overpulleys 22 and are fastened to the slides 35 by means of eyes 21. Theropes 23 are conveniently provided with hand rings 24 whereby they maybe attached to any suitable hook in the room. When the ropes 23 arereleased the slides are closed by the action of springs 17 connected tothe slides and the coaming by eyes 18 and acting in opposition to pullon the ropes 23. These ventilators are par ticularly useful in stormyweather when the windows in the skylight cannot be opened.

The cover or body of the skylight is indicated at 5 and has a pluralityof openings provided with glazed covers 2 which are hinged to open andclose. Bars 3 extend across the openings to prevent accident when thecovers are open. The covers or windows can be raised or lowered by meansof ropes 32 which pass over guide pulleys 31 and are connected to thefree end of levers 26 which are fulcrumed at 28 and are connected to thecovers by bars 26 pivoted at 27 and 29, whereby, when any rope ispulled, the appropriate window will swing open on its hinges 4E. I

In order to lift and remove the entire skylight hoisting tackle isprovided, consisting conveniently of davits 9 with ropes 12, lower andupper blocks 11 and 11, and hooks 14 engaging links 15 to support theupper blocks, and ropes 7 connected from the lower blocks 11 to eyes 6on the skylight. The davits 9 swing in supports 8 at the ends of theskylight. By the means described the whole skylight may, on occasion, belifted from the coamings and swung to one side to form a hatchway. Thiswill be found particularly useful in letting down machinery into theengine room, or loading large pieces of furniture, or other bulkyobjects which may have to be let down into the vessel.

As illustrated in Fig. 5, the opening 36 to the fire or boiler room hasthree hinged covers'37, swin ing on hinges 50, and each of these coversias openings provided with covers 38 hinged at 4:0, and with safety bars3. By swinging open all the covers 37 a convenient hatch is formed foraccess to the fire room, and one or more of the smaller covers'may beswung open for ventilation when desired.

Around the smoke stack 45 there is conveniently arran ed four openings41, with safety bars, and covers 43 which may be swung open from theboiler room in the same manner as above described with re spect to thecovers 2, the covers 43 being hinged at i2. The structure around thesmoke stack will also preferably be provided with the slide valves atthe side, the same as above described, and will be opened or closed frombelow in a similar manner.

The deck of the ship is indicated at 1, forming the roof of the roomsbelow.

When the skylight constructed as above described is applied to theengine room, for example, it may be lifted off in case of emergency, toallow quick repairs to the engine or pumps by removing or replacing anyart of the machinery, thereby serving the function of a hatch as well asthat of a skylight and ventilator.

WVhat I claim as new is 1. A roof structure for vessels, comprisingcoamings around a hatchway in the roof deck, a skylight frame resting onsaid coainings and provided with openable windows, means to open saidwindows from below the deck, and means above the deck to remove thewhole frame to open the hatchway.

2. A ventilating skylight comprising a cover, a hinged window therein, alever fulcrumed at one end, a thrust bar connecting the other end of thelever and the window,

and a rope connected to the lever, for swinging the same to open thewindow.

3. A ventilating skylight comprising a cover, a window hin ed to theupper side thereof, to open and c ose an opening in the cover, a leverfulcruined at one end to the under side of the cover, a bar connectingthe free end of the lever and the under side of the window and arrangedto work through said opening when the window is raised, and means toswing the lever upwardly, to open the window.

4:. A ventilating skylight structure for vessels comprising coamingsaround an opening in the roof deck, the coainings having openingstherein, slides mounted in guides on the coaniings, springs connected tosaid slides and tending to close the same, and ropes connected to saidslides and depending through said opening in the deck, to operate saidslides from below the deck.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES CRATES.

Witnesses:

CHRISTOPHER CRATEs, MONROE E. MILLER.

